Categories of ELTs
- A or AD: automatic ejectable or automatic deployable
- F or AF: fixed or automatic fixed
- AP: automatic portable
- P: personal
- W or S: water-activated or survival
CAR 605.38 ELT
- relevance to ATPL: large multi-engine turbojet airplanes engaged in air transport service with passengers require two ELTs (type W or S) when operating over water at a distance from land which requires life rafts (recall CAR 602.63 for life raft requirements)
CAR 605.39 Use of ELTs
- you can operate without a serviceable ELT if it is removed and repaired ASAP and the aircraft is placarded.
- ELT must be replaced within 10 days for 704 and 705 (30 days for everyone else)
- if you require 2 ELTs and they are both unserviceable: repair and replace the first ASAP, 10 days grace for the second
CAR 605.40 ELT Activation
- the only reason an ELT should be activated is in the event of an emergency, or testing (5 seconds only during the first 5 minutes of any hour)
- in the event of inadvertent activation, advise ATC / FSS / aerodrome and switch off
Note from AIM SAR 3.8: Unlike traditional 121.5/243 MHz ELTS, 406 MHz ELTs and their associated cockpit remote switch should be tested in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions only.
Pilot Response to Signals - notify nearest ATS:
- position, altitude and time first heard and contact lost
- ELT signal strength and did it cease suddenly or fade
Downed Aircraft Procedures:
- switch ELT on ASAP and do not cycle or switch off until positively located
- raising ELT from ground level to 8 ft may increase range by 20-40%
- if in an uninhabited area, stay with aircraft and ELT (more visible than people), have smoke/flares/signal fires read to attract SAR
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