Air Law Potpourri

I went through some practice questions about Air Law this morning and it emphasized my need to study even more!  Here are some things I'd forgotten:

TRAINING

• Instrument Training
• CAR 425.21: with a CPL or ATPL, you may give a licensed pilot instrument training towards an IFR rating provided you have and instrument rating and:
• instructor rating OR
• 500 hours PIC of which 100 must be on the same group of aircraft used for training (and for Group 1, at least 10 hours on the type used for training)

AIRSPACE

• Class F Restricted
• CAR 601.04: A pilot may fly through an active area:
• if authorized by appropriate person
• if it doesn't pose hazard to aircraft
• if it doesn't jeopardize national security

• CAR 602.145: VFR Flight in ADIZ
• VFR flight within or into the ADIZ requires a Defense Flight Plan or Defense Flight Itinerary to be filed.
• Must revise time/point of entry if more than +/- 5 minutes or 20 NM.

AIRPORTS

• Take-off Alternates (i.e. weather is above take-off minima but below landing minima for that aerodrome):
• CAR 704.26 Commuter: if authorized on air operator certificate
• CAR 705.34 Airline: within 60 minutes with OEI (twin) or 120 minutes with OEI (three or four engines or ETOPS)

• Dispatch Limitations:
• CAR 704.49 and CAR 705.60: must be able to land at destination and alternate within
• Turbo-jets: 60% of landing distance available (LDA)
• Turbo-props: 70% of LDA
• must be suitable runway for aircraft and conditions, and can't take credit for more than 50% of anticipated headwind or less than 150% of tailwind
• CAR 704.50 and CAR 705.61: for turbo-jets, if wet runway expected, the calculated runway requirement must be increased by an additional 15%. (Can be less if AFM includes info, but not shorter than what is required by 704.49 / 705.60).

SYSTEMS

• Altitude Alerting System or Device
• CAR 605.36: required for turbo-jets, with these exceptions:
• MEL, or if no MEL, being ferried to location with device
• flight tests, PPCs, training
• if failure after TO, until it reaches location where it can be repaired

• GPWS
• CAR 605.37: required for 704 and 705 turbo-jets with MCTOW of more than 15000 kg (33069 lbs) and authorized to carry more than 10 passengers (exception - MEL). 

• Standby Attitude Indicator
• CAR 605.41: required for Part VII turbo-jets (some exceptions).  Required for Part VII turbo-props configured for 10 or more passengers.
• CAR 625.41: must be installed on turbojet aircraft, and operate for 30 minutes in the event of a complete electrical system malfunction

V Speeds

I knew the definitions of V1 and V2, but what about V3? Turns out we just call it something different on the Dash 8 - it's Vfri (flap retraction speed).  There are a ton of V Speeds, but I'll pick out some key ones. 

V1: engine failure recognition speed

• abort the take-off and bring the aircraft to a stop on the runway plus stopway OR
• continue and be at V2 at 35 feet above the departure end of the runway
• increases with weight

V2: take-off safety speed

• a referenced airspeed obtained after the aircraft lifts off and at which the required OEI climb performance can be achieved

Vmca: aim minimum control speed

• lowest calibrated airspeed at which control of an aircraft can be maintained following the failure of the critical engine with the remaining engine(s) operating at take-off power
• determined at gross weight with the C of G at the aft limit, flaps in take-off position, landing gear retracted, and the propeller windmilling if no autofeathering system is installed

Va: maneuvering speed

• maximum speed at which full deflection of the primary flight controls will not cause overstressing of the aircraft